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Mencius and the common people: Differences between the good nature
Author: Rong Yan Shi’an
Source: “Light Sun” December 16, 2023
Mencius’s good nature is related to “every heart”, and requires people to take responsibility for their own moral responsibilities. Everyone has good nature, and everyone can do whatever they want. In Mencius’s commentary, scholars and civilians have different opinions. People without constant production will not be persistent, and they cannot wait for the people to “be attentive” when they are trapped, but “scholars” can do it, and there should be such requests. This distinction is serious. Later generations Dai Zhen criticized the Song Confucians for “killing people with reason”. Fang Dongshu denounced Dai, saying that the key point is whether they can distinguish between scholars and people. This problem comes from Mencius’s “wholeheartedness”. The common people cannot be as good as possible, but they still have good natures. They are easy to educate in a good social environment and are happy to be good. This is the goodness of the “common nature” of the political management meaning and the differences between the “common nature” of the moral cultivation meaning. The relationship between the two needs to be further studied.
A good nature is related to “wholeheartedness” responsibility
Mencius argues that good nature is related to a kind of moral responsibility. He strictly said that it is a moral responsibility for one’s own moral responsibility, and then he emphasizes himself to others and extends it to other people’s moral responsibility for others and society. Therefore, Mencius’ nature is good at keeping himself in his own way, and he confesses that a person should be responsible for his own life, which he calls “every heart”.
The basic meaning of the goodness of nature is that everyone has a good nature. “Everyone has a hidden heart; everyone has a shameful heart; everyone has a respectful heart; everyone has a short heart.” (Mencius: Gaozi 1, quotation from “Mencius”, only the title of the chapter) But this good nature is the “four ends” and “cute”, not a mature quality, and requires growth. The growth of good is not like the growth of the body, the growth of energy, or the growth of intelligence. These are all natural and require as much effort. The growth of good requires as much effort. “If you have the heart as you know your nature” (“On the Heart”), “On the Heart” can activate “intellectuality”. Knowing one’s nature is the result of one’s own efforts. “So at your heart” means that you have moral responsibility, do not listen to yourself, and do not go around the world, and then you can make the good nature the mainstream and dominate itself.
Mencius’s nature is good. Judging from some opinions, it seems that it is not difficult to think that the growth of good is not difficult, even close to a natural trend. For example, he said, “The five grains are the beauty of the species; if the romance is not familiar, it is better to be greedy. Benevolence also cares about the ripening of matureness.” (Gaozi 1) However, the chapters of Mencius said that the growth of goodness requires as much effort and will not mature automatically. It is certain that it is undoubtedly true. “Those who have the heart as they are, know their nature” is the most important way of saying, “If you have the heart as they are, they will cultivate their nature” (“Sinewallowing”), “If you have the heart as they are, they will die” (“Gaozi”), “If you have the heart as they are, they will get it, and they will get it away” and so on. We use “wholeheartedness” as a representative term. In fact, moral growth requires as much effort, and Mencius not only continuesInheriting the basic initiative of Confucian tradition since Confucius, sometimes there are very serious opinions. Growing morality, “learning” and “cultivating oneself” in “Mencius” and “Mencius” say “full mind” and “proper mind”. Although “full mind” has its own internal origin and power, it sometimes seems “not difficult”, but “full mind” must nourish the “big body” and avoid “small body”. “small body” means its own weakness and desire to see, so Mencius said, “No one is good at maintaining the mind than few desires.” “No desire” seems to be a common word, and its meaning is extraordinary, meaning that self-discipline is almost ashamed. “Xunzi Jiebi” mentioned that “Mencius was defeated and his wife came out”, saying that because Mencius was worried about the cultivation of virtue, he let his wife leave the family and avoid the affairs of men and women, it means to practice asceticism and self-cultivation. This statement is a bit exaggerated, but it must not be written by Xunzi. When it comes to the experience, it is related to the ascetic practices of some people in the Mencius school, and the most basic thing is to the theory of Mencius.
The goodness of nature is the beginning, and Sweetheart GardenGrowing depends on people’s efforts. People must be responsible for themselves. The meaning of nature’s goodness is certain and there is no doubt. The theory of nature has a great influence in the development of Confucianism. One of the main points is the pride and sense of responsibility that inspires morality. The theory of nature contains moral responsibility and willful understanding, which seems to be a matter of the issue. There is no need to discuss it too much, perhaps because of this reason, the academic community does not discuss this issue. But when the relationship between good nature and moral responsibility is clearly linked, the problems contained in it arise. One of the biggest problems is, who is the moral responsibility of extending nature? Is the responsibility of all people or the responsibility of the ministry? “Those who have the heart know their nature.” Who can be more attentive and who should be as careful as possible?
Should all people “have their hearts in mind”?
Mencius said that good nature is a judgment on all people, “everyone has a hidden heart.” It seems that everyone has good nature to draw a conclusion that everyone should pay attention to, but Mencius may not mean this when it comes to touching and specific statements.
Mencius said this time that many people are actually difficult to do as they please: “There are so many reasons why people are different from birds and birds. The people go there and keep them right.” (“Leave the Father”) The difference between birds and birds is good nature, but the “people” are lost. In other words, although they have good natures, the “people” fail to make good natures mature. There are other similar words, “The big one does not lose the innocent heart” (“Leave the Mother”), “The reason why the righteous people are different fromPeople are based on their intentions” (“Leave the Father II”), “Those who have perseverance but are perseverance are only capable of men. If you are approachable, you will not have constant production because you will not have persistence. “(“Prince Hui of Liang”) From these statements, we can see that Mencius believed that in fact, people, righteous people, and people could “be attentive”; those who failed to be attentive were “people” and “common”.
So can we think that this is a social-level problem, and those who can be attentive are The upper level society, the lower level society cannot be? It is impossible to say that this is not the case, but if you understand this completely, there will be problems, and it is certainly inconsistent with Mencius’s thoughts. All people do not distinguish between level and birth, and only by being willing to do everything they can, they can become saints of righteous people. This should be Mencius’s original intention. To prevent social-level problems from being able to lead to In combination, this article takes a stable statement: it is not the upper and lower levels of society, but the second-level stars in the crowd become first-level stars, and the resources are coming in a hurry. There are a few and most of them willing to “satisfie”, and the majority of people who have no such intentions. In fact, the upper-level people may not be able to express their feelings in some chapters of “Mencius”. It is possible to “satisfie”, so the simple meaning of the plan between a few people and a majority is stable.
It is a fact that many people in the crowd cannot “satisfie” and that Mencius’s view can be seen in terms of the attitude of this fact. He does not think that everyone should “satisfie”. “Entertainment conditions Those who have no perseverance but are persistent are only capable. If you are approachable, you will not have constant production because you will not have persistence. Without perseverance, letting go of evil and extravagance, everything is done. When you fall into a crime and then punish it, it is TC:
還有一種漢子是在我帖子上面罵我是敗傢貨的，說我買瞭這麼多還在買買買，關於如許的我想說我敗你傢錢瞭，祝你們永遠獨身
